Mazdutide

Mazdutide is a dual glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and glucagon receptor agonist, the first in its class. By activating both GLP1R and glucagon receptors it helps regulate appetite, metabolism, and improve glucose control. This dual effect appears promising but more clinical trials are needed.

GLP-1 receptors are widely distributed on the beta-cells of the pancreas, brain, and other tissues and are involved in the control of blood sugar levels by enhancing insulin secretion, among other effects. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are already widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes because they stimulate insulin synthesis and secretion in a glucose-dependent manner and cause weight loss. They also delay gastric emptying, regulate blood lipid metabolism, reduce fat deposition, and are neuroprotective, anti-infectious, and cardiovascular protective.

Glucagon receptor agonists on their own are not a good therapeutic option because they increase the liver's production of glucose, but if they are combined with GLP-1RAs then they are effective at reducing fat mass and improving glucose tolerance.

Side effects:
Clinical trials have so far reported mazdutide to be well tolerated with mild side effects such as:
-upper respiratory tract infection
-diarrhea
-decreased appetite
-nausea
-urinary tract infection
-abdominal distension (bloating)
-vomiting.

Mazdutide is administered using a prefilled autoinjector and is given subcutaneously (under the skin), usually in the stomach area, once a week.